• Iran – the subject of the propaganda campaign and the primary axis of distortion
Countries directly shaping the narrative (media–political sphere):
• United States – engineering the human rights discourse, imposing sanctions, and applying political pressure
• United Kingdom – providing media and human rights support through soft power platforms
• France – hosting opposition figures and producing a cultural–human rights narrative
• Canada – amplifying narratives through “civil society” organizations
Implicit / strategic background:
• Israel – a strategic beneficiary of delegitimization efforts and the regional weakening of Iran