Geopolitical Influence: According to a report in Russia's Izvestia, Ankara is aggressively expanding its presence in Central Asia (the "Turkic World") through military training courses in Kyrgyzstan.
Soft Power & Defense: Lacking heavy investment capital due to long-term economic strains, Turkey is utilizing soft power—such as academic networks, schools, and a unified Turkic alphabet project—alongside defense industry exports to bind these nations closer to Ankara.